capital moved to Washington in 1800, the city’s planners failed even to provide the court with its own building, and it met in a room in the basement of the Capitol. In its earliest years, the Court held nowhere near the stature it would eventually assume. circuit courts, which would serve as the principal trial courts in the federal system. In between these two tiers of the judiciary were the U.S. The Judiciary Act of 1789 also established a federal district court in each state, and in both Kentucky and Maine (which were then parts of other states). Supreme Court, which at the time had one chief justice and five associate justices. The act set up the federal court system and set guidelines for the operation of the U.S. Senate-which became the Judiciary Act of 1789-the judicial branch began to take shape. With the first bill introduced in the U.S.
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